Микробиология

Микробиология — биологическая дисциплина, изучающая микроорганизмы — их систематику, морфологию, физиологию, биохимию и т.д.

Отличают общую микробиологию, исследующую основные закономерности жизни микроорганизмов, медицинскую микробиологию, изучающую болезнетворные микроорганизмы, и техническую микробиологию, разрабатывающую способы культивации полезных микроорганизмов в промышленных масштабах.

Создатель современной микробиологии — Л. Пастер (1822-1895), а в России — С. Н. Виноградский (1856-1953).

Смотри биотехнология.

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